Lesson 10: Arduino Project Book

https://www.arduino.cc/education/remotelearning/

Spaceship Interface:

Lesson 9- Control Servomotor

 

A servo motor is a specialized motor whose direction can be precisely set

This code uses the servo library. Libraries are code that adds additional functions to Arduino.

For example, to use a servo motor, we need to:

(1)    #include <Servo.h>. //include the servo library

(2) Servo myservo; // create servo object to control a servo

(3) myservo.attach(9); // attaches the servo on pin 9 to the servo object

(4) myservo.write(pos); write the servo position( 0 to 180)

#include <Servo.h>

Servo myservo; // create servo object to control a servo

// twelve servo objects can be created on most boards

int pos = 0; // variable to store the servo position

void setup() {

myservo.attach(9); // attaches the servo on pin 9 to the servo object

}

void loop() {

for (pos = 0; pos <= 180; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees

// in steps of 1 degree

myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable 'pos'

delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position

}

for (pos = 180; pos >= 0; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees

myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable 'pos'

delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position

}

}

Lesson 8- LED Fade

 While the Arduino Uno cannot output a continuously varying(analog) voltage, it can simulate this using analogWrite

for example:

analogWrite(3, 128); //sets pin 3 to half-brightness.

,

int led = 9; // the PWM pin the LED is attached to

int brightness = 0; // how bright the LED is

int fadeAmount = 5; // how many points to fade the LED by

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:

void setup() {

// declare pin 9 to be an output:

pinMode(led, OUTPUT);

}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:

void loop() {

// set the brightness of pin 9:

analogWrite(led, brightness);

// change the brightness for next time through the loop:

brightness = brightness + fadeAmount;

// reverse the direction of the fading at the ends of the fade:

if (brightness <= 0 || brightness >= 255) {

fadeAmount = -fadeAmount;

}

// wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect

delay(30);

}

Related:

Substitute a DC Motor for the LED

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:

int motorPin = 12;

void setup() {

// initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:

Serial.begin(9600);

}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:

void loop() {

// read the input on analog pin 0:

int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);

// Convert the analog reading (which goes from 0 - 1023) to a voltage (0 - 5V):

float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.0);

analogWrite(motorPin, sensorValue / 4);

Serial.println(voltage);

}

Lesson 7- Read a Sensor(Photocell)

 

A photoresistor changes its resistance depending on how much light is falling on it. In the dark, its resistance can be 100K ohm or more; in light, it can decrease to 5K or less.

We will be reading the voltage on pin A0, using the analogRead function.

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:

void setup() {

// initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:

Serial.begin(9600);

}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:

void loop() {

// read the input on analog pin 0:

int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);

// Convert the analog reading (which goes from 0 - 1023) to a voltage (0 - 5V):

float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.0);

// print out the value you read:

Serial.println(voltage);

}

Use the Serial Monitor to see the output voltage. Make sure the Baud Rate is the same as in the sketch(typically 9600).

Lesson 6: Multiple LEDS

 Try adding multiple LEDS, blinking in order:

Write code that turns multiple LEDs on and off- use the Copy and Paste functions to save time typing!

void setup() {

// initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.

pinMode(7, OUTPUT);

pinMode(9, OUTPUT);

}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever

void loop() {

digitalWrite(7, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)

delay(1000); // wait for a second

digitalWrite(7, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW

delay(1000); // wait for a second

digitalWrite(9, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)

delay(1000); // wait for a second

digitalWrite(9, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW

delay(1000); // wait for a second

}

Lesson 5: The Blink Sketch- Light an LED

 

The resistor limits the amount of current

   Example Sketch: Blink

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board

void setup() {

// initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.

pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);

}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever

void loop() {

digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)

delay(1000); // wait for a second

digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW

delay(1000); // wait for a second

}

In setup, we define the built-in LED(Pin 13) as an Output. You could assign another pin (2-12) as an output as well.

The check mark verifies that the code is grammatically correct, such as all statements end with semicolons, all functions are enc,osed in curly brackets {.   }. the right arrow uploads it to the board. Make sure you select the correct board and port.

Try changing the delay times in the code! Then change pin numbers!

Lesson 4: Structure of a Sketch(Program)

 

Statements are always followed by semicolons;

Example 1: Servo "Knob"

#include <Servo.h>

Servo myservo; // create servo object to control a servo

int potpin = A0; // analog pin used to connect the potentiometer

int val; // variable to read the value from the analog pin

void setup() {

myservo.attach(9); // attaches the servo on pin 9 to the servo object

}

void loop() {

val = analogRead(potpin); // reads the value of the potentiometer (value between 0 and 1023)

val = map(val, 0, 1023, 0, 180); // scale it for use with the servo (value between 0 and 180)

myservo.write(val); // sets the servo position according to the scaled value

delay(15); // waits for the servo to get there

}

Example 2: "Blink"

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board

void setup() {

// initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.

pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);

}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever

void loop() {

digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)

delay(1000); // wait for a second

digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW

delay(1000); // wait for a second

}

The Arduino IDE(Integrated Development Environment) can be downloaded at:

https://www.arduino.cc/en/software

There is also an online version at https://create.arduino.cc/editor. Once you log in, your code is saved in the cloud.